Air pollution is estimated to have caused 30.8 million premature deaths in China and Taiwan since 2000, according to an algorithm that was trained on satellite data Along with health consequences, high levels of harmful emissions have led to hundreds of flight cancellations and frequent road closures due to low visibility levels.7 Air pollution has increased substantially over the years, resulting in thick smog that often engulfs the entire city6 (Figure 3). The air pollution in Beijing causes lower birth rates and higher adult mortality from respiratory related diseases. Other causes of air pollution include construction and industry. These larger PM particles may be more dangerous than PM10 particles. Many factories, industries, and manufacturing plants were shut down for the duration of the games and driving restrictions were imposed on millions of vehicles.1,9 Although this was a temporary solution for the Olympics, city officials promised to spend over $12 billion dollars on improving the environment. & Diamond, J. Emissions and contaminants may also be carried across the Pacific Ocean to the Western United States by powerful global winds called. Mandatory factory closures and bans on motor vehicles entering the city are implemented on days of heavy air pollution. Retrieved from, United States Environmental Protection Agency. PM10).3 Newly introduced vehicles have lower emission standards, and thereby emit more of these pollutants into the atmosphere than their older counterparts. Depending on the warning level, different actions are executed, which include school closures, removing 80% of government vehicles from the road, allowing certain private cars on the roads based on registration plate numbers and day of the week, barring freight and construction vehicles from the roads, utilizing watering carts and sprinkler trucks, shutting factories down, halting construction sites, and even forbidding barbecues and fireworks.10 To most effectively address air pollution would require reform in government laws and behavior. (2015). By analyzing the sources of pollution, studying its consequences, and by reforming inadequate regulations and laws, Beijing can salvage its environment and create a healthier atmosphere for future generations. One Chinese clean energy target is to increase natural gas to 10% of the power mix, but policy makers ignore its environmental effect on global warming. In China, air pollution is declining but remains three times above World Health Organisation (WHO) limits. The four most dangerous pollutants that are emitted include: sulfur dioxide (SO. Though people may chuckle at this, air pollution is no laughing matter. Figure 4. Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2015. Clean Air a ‘Luxury’ in Beijing’s Pollution Zone. China After the Beijing Olympics. Another problem of environmental laws is the fines are so minuscule that offending corporations would rather pay the penalty, rather than change their business practices.1 Openness in reporting true pollution levels by municipal governments would also lend clarity to the condition of air quality.2 The government only reports AQI numbers up to 500. suggests that scores near 500 contain more than twenty times the safe level of particulate matter in the air. This is the highest level of air pollution since recording began in 2008, and was appropriately deemed “Beyond Index”. In 2013, the Heavy Air Pollution Contingency Plan was passed.10 This plan consists of four warning levels based on air pollution levels. Population growth in China and Beijing contributes to extensive pollution. Depending on the warning level, different actions are executed, which include school closures, removing 80% of government vehicles from the road, allowing certain private cars on the roads based on registration plate numbers and day of the week, barring freight and construction vehicles from the roads, utilizing watering carts and sprinkler trucks, shutting factories down, halting construction sites, and even forbidding barbecues and fireworks. China has also experienced major economic growth with a drastic rise in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Lung. These factories rely on outdated and inefficient technologies. Beijing’s population has swelled from 11 million to 16 million in just 7 years, and has doubled over the past century.1,3. According to the article "Air Pollution in Mega Cities in China", "Coal accounts for 70% of the total energy consumption, and emissions from coal combustion are the major anthropogenic contributors to air pollution in China." The Olympics were crucial in raising awareness about reform of environmental regulations. The World Health Organization suggests that scores near 500 contain more than twenty times the safe level of particulate matter in the air.5, Emissions and contaminants may also be carried across the Pacific Ocean to the Western United States by powerful global winds called Westerlies. Compared to citizens living in southern China, the average life span for Beijing’s citizens is five to six years shorter. The organization has the difficult task of reforming environmental laws that are often ignored by leaders. Emissions from motorized vehicles contribute to nearly 70% of the city’s air pollution. The United States Embassy did release such information, but was asked by the Chinese government to limit the release of information to Americans. . The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) was established in 1998. Public Domain. This increase in wealth can be correlated with an increase in pollution. Will the Dragon Stay Green? Population growth in China and Beijing contributes to extensive pollution. Stone, R. (2008). Emergency measures were enacted depending on the pollution levels, but the most important factor in curbing air pollution is the implementation of new laws and reformation of old laws. Wu, Y., et. Retrieved from, http://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=aqibasics.aqi, Kylienne A. Clark, Travis R. Shaul, and Brian H. Lower, Next: 4.3 Proper Management of Phosphorus for Future Food Security, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. . Lubick, N. (2008). Although this was a temporary solution for the Olympics, city officials promised to spend over $12 billion dollars on improving the environment. The air pollution affects everybody, she says. All the new technology that we have developed that is having a good influence on us, it is affecting our environment in a bad way. This is the highest level of air pollution since recording began in 2008, and was appropriately deemed “Beyond Index”. Environmental Science & Technology, 45,1:147-153, Lim, L. (2011, December 07). Figure 2. Though this pollution is created by Chinese manufacturing and export of goods, it is demand for these goods in the United that fuels production. (2009). Motorized vehicles are only one contributor to air pollution. The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei. The causes of Beijing’s widespread air pollution can be attributed to a number of factors: an enormous economic boom, a surge in the number of motorized vehicles, population growth, output from manufacturing, and natural reasons which include the city’s surrounding, and seasonal weather. Therefore, MEP or Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection launched a 350 billion Yuan plan to decrease the level of air pollution … China has the largest population and 2nd largest land mass in the world, making it a crucial component to the global economy. Science, 321:636-637. and relocated factories to other provinces in China. Beijing’s Marathon Run to Clean Foul Air Nears Finish Line. (2008). The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei.1 Beijing is a victim of its own topography because it is surrounded by mountains, ensuring that pollution remains trapped within the city limits.5 Air quality worsens in spring and summer when temperature and humidity levels rise, and winds contribute to the smog by carrying pollutants from industrialized southern regions.3 There are a variety of consequences of air pollution in Beijing. Causes of air pollution in China. The Olympics were crucial in raising awareness about reform of environmental regulations. The United States Embassy did release such information, but was asked by the Chinese government to limit the release of information to Americans.7. A16. The causes of Beijing’s widespread air pollution can be attributed to a number of factors: an enormous economic boom, a surge in the number of motorized vehicles, population growth, output from manufacturing, and natural reasons which include the city’s … The shorter lifespans of Beijing’s citizens has been connected to high pollution levels. The 2008 Olympic Summer Games in Beijing was the catalyst leading to many new policies to address air pollution. Many factories, industries, and manufacturing plants were shut down for the duration of the games and driving restrictions were imposed on millions of vehicles. Wu, Y., et. is extensive, there are possible solutions which can address the problem. Due to this extensive air pollution, China’s. A woman in China wears a face mask to protect herself from air pollution. These larger PM particles may be more dangerous than PM10 particles. Newly introduced vehicles have lower emission standards, and thereby emit more of these pollutants into the atmosphere than their older counterparts. National Public Radio. Along with health consequences, high levels of harmful emissions have led to hundreds of flight cancellations and frequent road closures due to low visibility levels. By analyzing the sources of pollution, studying its consequences, and by reforming inadequate regulations and laws, Beijing can salvage its environment and create a healthier atmosphere for future generations. Emissions and contaminants may also be carried across the Pacific Ocean to the Western United States by powerful global winds called. Coal burning is the biggest contributing factor to China’s smog problem, according to the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences. In China, it is a common matter, as the increasing popularity of new constructions has taken over. Motorized vehicles are only one contributor to air pollution. Wong, E. (2014, January 21). CC BY 2.0. (Left) Beijing on a clear day. This is a problem for the Chinese citizens and the Chinese government. Air pollution has increased substantially over the years, resulting in thick smog that often engulfs the entire city. Though this pollution is created by Chinese manufacturing and export of goods, it is demand for these goods in the United that fuels production. The United States Embassy did release such information, but was asked by the Chinese government to limit the release of information to Americans. A ir pollution in China is responsible for the deaths of about 1.6 million people every year, or about 4,400 per day, according to a new study. Liu, J. China has also experienced major economic growth with a drastic rise in. The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei. J., & Diamond, J. Revolutionizing China’s Environmental Protection. Nature, 435:1179-1186. The United States is ironically causing its own environmental degradation through trade with China.1,8, The shorter lifespans of Beijing’s citizens has been connected to high pollution levels.7,8 Compared to citizens living in southern China, the average life span for Beijing’s citizens is five to six years shorter. Coal burning factories also contribute to the smog present in Beijing. This plan consists of four warning levels based on air pollution levels. In 2003, the Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning determined that air pollution was responsible for 411,000 premature deaths across China. The World Health Organization suggests that scores near 500 contain more than twenty times the safe level of particulate matter in the air.5. The organization has the difficult task of reforming environmental laws that are often ignored by leaders. Levels of 100 or below are known as “Blue Sky Days”, when smog is not easily visible.3,5,7 However, levels now reach up to 755, as measured by the United States Embassy in Beijing, which employs its own pollution reading device. With this amplified wealth, individuals are more capable of affording motor vehicles. Due to this extensive air pollution, China’s. (2013). Environmental Science & Technology, 42,14:5037-5040. PM10).3 Newly introduced vehicles have lower emission standards, and thereby emit more of these pollutants into the atmosphere than their older counterparts. China’s Pollution Progress Slows. Emergency measures were enacted depending on the pollution levels, but the most important factor in curbing air pollution is the implementation of new laws and reformation of old laws. Science, 321:636-637. CC BY-NC 2.0. Motorized vehicles are only one contributor to air pollution. A6. Beijing Announces Emergency Measure Amid Fog of Pollution. Air quality worsens in spring and summer when temperature and humidity levels rise, and winds contribute to the smog by carrying pollutants from industrialized southern regions. (2005). (2015). China’s air pollution is primarily caused by the burning of coal in factories and power plants. Air pollution in China and other countries of Asia is a severe environmental problem.Smog, caused by traffic and especially burning coal, causes pulmonary and heart diseases. China is notorious for being a major polluter. These larger PM particles may be more dangerous than PM10 particles. The United States is ironically causing its own environmental degradation through trade with China. City officials converted coal furnaces in tens of thousands of homes to natural gas and relocated factories to other provinces in China.3. Openness in reporting true pollution levels by municipal governments would also lend clarity to the condition of air quality. The AQI value takes the five major air pollutants regulated by the Clean Air Act into consideration (ground-level ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. On-Road Vehicle Emission Control in Beijing: Past, Present, and Future. Another problem of environmental laws is the fines are so minuscule that offending corporations would rather pay the penalty, rather than change their business practices. Of the twenty cities with the worst air pollution worldwide, 16 are located in China, including Beijing. Beijing’s air pollution affects the health of its citizens and threatens to limit the future success and expansion of the city. Of the twenty cities with the worst air pollution worldwide, 16 are located in China, including Beijing. suggests that scores near 500 contain more than twenty times the safe level of particulate matter in the air. Aunan was the lead researcher of a 2018 study that estimated that between 1.15 million and 1.24 million people in China die from air pollution every year. Retrieved from, United States Environmental Protection Agency. The first cause of air pollution in China is using motorcycles as one of the main transportations. For example, Chinese people start to care about clean coal, but “clean” here means low sulfur. Of the twenty cities with the worst air pollution worldwide, 16 are located in China, including Beijing.1,2,3 Due to this extensive air pollution, China’s Environmental Sustainability Index is ranked near the bottom among countries worldwide.2. National Public Radio. Emergency measures were enacted depending on the pollution levels, but the most important factor in curbing air pollution is the implementation of new laws and reformation of old laws. China After the Beijing Olympics. Of the twenty cities with the worst air pollution worldwide, 16 are located in China, including Beijing.1,2,3 Due to this extensive air pollution, China’s Environmental Sustainability Index is ranked near the bottom among countries worldwide.2. Armstrong, P., & Ke, F. (2013, October 23). These factories rely on outdated and inefficient technologies. The four most dangerous pollutants that are emitted include: sulfur dioxide (SO. Air pollution has been a persistent headache for Beijing, prompting experts to weigh in with their thoughts on what is causing the problem, as well as possible ways to fix it. 1.1 Climate Change Opens the Door to more Intense Tropical Storms, 1.2 History of Drought in California Paints Troublesome Outlook, 1.3 The Effects of Climate Change on the Syrian Uprising, 1.5 Warming Oceans Cause Coral Reef Bleaching, 2.1 An Assessment of the Invasive Asian carp Threat on The Great Lakes, 2.2 A Bitter Brew- Coffee Production, Deforestation, Soil Erosion and Water Contamination, 2.4 Hunger for Resources Leaves Sumatra's Orangutans Without Homes, 2.5 The Attack of the Emerald Ash Borer in The United States, 3.1 Environmental Impacts of the Grand Coulee Hydroelectric Dam, 3.2 Dispersion of Radioactive Material from the Fukushima Daiichi Disaster, 3.3 Fracking’s Potential Impact on Water Quality, 3.4 The Lingering Effects of the Chernobyl Disaster, 3.5 Ogallala Aquifer & Nebraskan SandHills Potentially Threatened by the Keystone XL Pipeline, 4.1 The Burning River- Aquatic Pollution in America’s Rust Belt, 4.2 Causes and Consequences of Air Pollution in Beijing, China, 4.3 Proper Management of Phosphorus for Future Food Security, 4.4 The Use and Effects of Agent Orange in Vietnam, 5.1 Africa's Vanishing Predator The African Wild Dog, 5.2 Saving Juvenile Hawaiian Monk Seals- Status and Challenges. rates have risen over 60% in the past decade, although the smoking rate has not increased. The Chinese government also prefers to release information only on PM10 particles and not larger PM particles. This is not a recent phenomenon. 5.4 The Mysterious Case of Colony Collapse Disorder, 5.5 Tigers- Naked and Alone in the Disappearing Sumatran Forests, 5.6 White-Nose Syndrome in North Americans Bats, China is notorious for being a major polluter. Mandatory factory closures and bans on motor vehicles entering the city are implemented on days of heavy air pollution. and relocated factories to other provinces in China. The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei.1 Beijing is a victim of its own topography because it is surrounded by mountains, ensuring that pollution remains trapped within the city limits.5 Air quality worsens in spring and summer when temperature and humidity levels rise, and winds contribute to the smog by carrying pollutants from industrialized southern regions.3 There are a variety of consequences of air pollution in Beijing. In 2003, the Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning determined that air pollution was responsible for 411,000 premature deaths across China. China is notorious for being a major polluter. (2010). The four most dangerous pollutants that are emitted include: sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (e.g. Air pollution is measured by the Air Quality Index (AQI), which scales pollution levels from 0 to 500 and assigns a color to different number levels to measure how hazardous the air quality is on any given day (Figure 4). . Air pollution has increased substantially over the years, resulting in thick smog that often engulfs the entire city. The government only reports AQI numbers up to 500. Openness in reporting true pollution levels by municipal governments would also lend clarity to the condition of air quality. Another problem of environmental laws is the fines are so minuscule that offending corporations would rather pay the penalty, rather than change their business practices.1 Openness in reporting true pollution levels by municipal governments would also lend clarity to the condition of air quality.2 The government only reports AQI numbers up to 500. Though the contamination is extensive, there are possible solutions which can address the problem. Its economic growth in the past three decades has been the fastest among major nations, which is the main factor in why China has extensive air pollution. Research conducted between November 2014 and January 2015 on water qualities in 29 Chinese cities found 48% of tap water tested are below the minimum safety standards for being used as drinking water. Retrieved from, Lazzati, Nicolò. Mandatory factory closures and bans on motor vehicles entering the city are implemented on days of heavy air pollution. The Chinese government also prefers to release information only on PM10 particles and not larger PM particles. 5.3 Elephant Contraception- Possible Solution for South Africa’s “Elephant Problem”? China has also experienced major economic growth with a drastic rise in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Photograph by Bill Bishop, 2013. Cable News Network. Air pollution is mostly created by the influence that humans have on the environment. Strong air pollution causes widespread haze‐clouds over China Jianzhong Ma,1 Yue Chen,1 Wei Wang,2 Peng Yan,1 Hongjie Liu,2 Suying Yang,1,3 Zhijin Hu,1 and Jos Lelieveld4,5 Received 23 August 2009; revised 11 March 2010; accepted 24 March 2010; published 18 September 2010. [Side by side photographs of Beijing, China on a clear day and with severe air pollution]. is extensive, there are possible solutions which can address the problem. al. Environmental Science & Technology, 42,14:5037-5040. The New York Times, pp. This increase in wealth can be correlated with an increase in pollution. Figure 1. Stone, R. (2008). Levels of 100 or below are known as “Blue Sky Days”, when smog is not easily visible. The New York Times, pp. & Diamond, J. These larger PM particles may be more dangerous than PM10 particles. China’s Environment in a Globalizing World. The Causes Of Air Pollution In Beijing, China 952 Words | 4 Pages. Coal burning factories also contribute to the smog present in Beijing. In 2013, the Heavy Air Pollution Contingency Plan was passed.10 This plan consists of four warning levels based on air pollution levels. The United States is ironically causing its own environmental degradation through trade with China.
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