The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei. The four most dangerous pollutants that are emitted include: sulfur dioxide (SO. Many factories, industries, and manufacturing plants were shut down for the duration of the games and driving restrictions were imposed on millions of vehicles. Emergency measures have also been enacted in Beijing. Lung. Levels of 100 or below are known as “Blue Sky Days”, when smog is not easily visible.3,5,7 However, levels now reach up to 755, as measured by the United States Embassy in Beijing, which employs its own pollution reading device. By analyzing the sources of pollution, studying its consequences, and by reforming inadequate regulations and laws, Beijing can salvage its environment and create a healthier atmosphere for future generations. Air quality worsens in spring and summer when temperature and humidity levels rise, and winds contribute to the smog by carrying pollutants from industrialized southern regions. Adapted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2015. The New York Times, pp. This has been a major air pollutant and the main reason for it is because its economy has grown substantially in the last 30 years. A ir pollution in China is responsible for the deaths of about 1.6 million people every year, or about 4,400 per day, according to a new study. These larger PM particles may be more dangerous than PM10 particles. from motorized vehicles contribute to nearly 70% of the city’s air pollution. Beijing’s population has swelled from 11 million to 16 million in just 7 years, and has doubled over the past century. In 2013, the Heavy Air Pollution Contingency Plan was passed.10 This plan consists of four warning levels based on air pollution levels. Retrieved from, Bishop, Bill. . In response to the 1952 “Great Smog of London,” which killed an estimated 4,000 people, the UK introduced the Clean Air Act of 1956 to restrict emissions. Environmental Science & Technology, 42,14:5037-5040. The. J., & Diamond, J. The United States is ironically causing its own environmental degradation through trade with China.1,8, The shorter lifespans of Beijing’s citizens has been connected to high pollution levels.7,8 Compared to citizens living in southern China, the average life span for Beijing’s citizens is five to six years shorter. Photograph by Bill Bishop, 2013. Air pollution is estimated to have caused 30.8 million premature deaths in China and Taiwan since 2000, according to an algorithm that was trained on satellite data The Environmental Protection Agency lays out some of the most troubling consequences of air pollution in China, including: Acid Rain: Acid rain refers to precipitation that contains dangerous amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. Strong air pollution causes widespread haze‐clouds over China Jianzhong Ma,1 Yue Chen,1 Wei Wang,2 Peng Yan,1 Hongjie Liu,2 Suying Yang,1,3 Zhijin Hu,1 and Jos Lelieveld4,5 Received 23 August 2009; revised 11 March 2010; accepted 24 March 2010; published 18 September 2010. The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei. In 2013, the Heavy Air Pollution Contingency Plan was passed. The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei.1 Beijing is a victim of its own topography because it is surrounded by mountains, ensuring that pollution remains trapped within the city limits.5 Air quality worsens in spring and summer when temperature and humidity levels rise, and winds contribute to the smog by carrying pollutants from industrialized southern regions.3 There are a variety of consequences of air pollution in Beijing. Beijing’s Marathon Run to Clean Foul Air Nears Finish Line. The four most dangerous pollutants that are emitted include: sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (e.g. On Scale of 0 to 500, Beijing’s Air Quality Tops ‘Crazy Bad’ at 755. Emergency measures have also been enacted in Beijing. PM10).3 Newly introduced vehicles have lower emission standards, and thereby emit more of these pollutants into the atmosphere than their older counterparts. The cost of pollution is large as it is approaching “10 percent of gross domestic product per years over the last decade” which is several times higher than other Figure 2. The Chinese government also prefers to release information only on PM10 particles and not larger PM particles. In 2013, the Heavy Air Pollution Contingency Plan was passed. There are a variety of consequences of air pollution in Beijing. Newly introduced vehicles have lower emission standards, and thereby emit more of these pollutants into the atmosphere than their older counterparts. Levels of 100 or below are known as “Blue Sky Days”, when smog is not easily visible.3,5,7 However, levels now reach up to 755, as measured by the United States Embassy in Beijing, which employs its own pollution reading device. . Retrieved from. & Diamond, J. Air pollution is measured by the Air Quality Index (AQI), which scales pollution levels from 0 to 500 and assigns a color to different number levels to measure how hazardous the air quality is on any given day (Figure 4). This is the highest level of air pollution since recording began in 2008, and was appropriately deemed “Beyond Index”. Wu, Y., et. This increase in wealth can be correlated with an increase in pollution. China has also experienced major economic growth with a drastic rise in. The World Health Organization suggests that scores near 500 contain more than twenty times the safe level of particulate matter in the air.5. Wong, E. (2013, January 13). Aunan was the lead researcher of a 2018 study that estimated that between 1.15 million and 1.24 million people in China die from air pollution every year. China has also experienced major economic growth with a drastic rise in. The Chinese government also prefers to release information only on PM10 particles and not larger PM particles. Retrieved from, http://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=aqibasics.aqi, Kylienne A. Clark, Travis R. Shaul, and Brian H. Lower, Next: 4.3 Proper Management of Phosphorus for Future Food Security, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The United States is ironically causing its own environmental degradation through trade with China.1,8, The shorter lifespans of Beijing’s citizens has been connected to high pollution levels.7,8 Compared to citizens living in southern China, the average life span for Beijing’s citizens is five to six years shorter. Though the contamination is extensive, there are possible solutions which can address the problem. Google Map of Beijing, China. Environmental ScienceBites by Kylienne A. Clark, Travis R. Shaul, and Brian H. Lower is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. In 2003, the Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning determined that air pollution was responsible for 411,000 premature deaths across China. Emissions from motorized vehicles contribute to nearly 70% of the city’s air pollution. Science, 321:636-637. Figure 4. A16. Of the twenty cities with the worst air pollution worldwide, 16 are located in China, including Beijing.1,2,3 Due to this extensive air pollution, China’s Environmental Sustainability Index is ranked near the bottom among countries worldwide.2. These factories rely on outdated and inefficient technologies. Population growth in China and Beijing contributes to extensive pollution. The Causes Of Air Pollution In Beijing, China 952 Words | 4 Pages. The New York Times, pp. Why China? City officials converted coal furnaces in tens of thousands of homes to. is ranked near the bottom among countries worldwide. 5.3 Elephant Contraception- Possible Solution for South Africa’s “Elephant Problem”? The New York Times, pp. Environmental Science & Technology, 36,15:308A-309A. Betts, K. S. (2002). Motorized vehicles are only one contributor to air pollution. The 2008 Olympic Summer Games in Beijing was the catalyst leading to many new policies to address air pollution. Beijing’s Marathon Run to Clean Foul Air Nears Finish Line. Revolutionizing China’s Environmental Protection. However, levels now reach up to 755, as measured by the United States Embassy in Beijing, which employs its own pollution reading device. (2008). Levels of 100 or below are known as “Blue Sky Days”, when smog is not easily visible. Beijing’s population has swelled from 11 million to 16 million in just 7 years, and has doubled over the past century.1,3. A6. (2013). [Photograph of woman in China wearing a protective face mask]. (Left) Beijing on a clear day. Air Pollution In China Hazard Overview Air pollution in China is a growing environmental hazard that needs immediate attention in order to save the lives of millions of citizens. This increase in wealth can be correlated with an increase in pollution. (2008). Countries often face a difficult choice between promoting unfettered economic growth and the resulting costs to public and environmental welfare. CC BY-NC 2.0. The United States Embassy did release such information, but was asked by the Chinese government to limit the release of information to Americans. China is heavily populated and therefore, has many drivers who are all putting a lot of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere. (2010). Research conducted between November 2014 and January 2015 on water qualities in 29 Chinese cities found 48% of tap water tested are below the minimum safety standards for being used as drinking water. Coal burning factories also contribute to the smog present in Beijing. & Diamond, J. Compared to citizens living in southern China, the average life span for Beijing’s citizens is five to six years shorter. Therefore, we aimed to review the current epidemiological evidence on the effects of air pollution exposure on adverse health outcome, including respiratory diseases, lung function, high blood pressure, cognitive disorder, and obesity in childhood in China. This increase in wealth can be correlated with an increase in pollution. China has struggled for years to control its air pollution problems, which are primarily caused by the burning of coal in factories and power plants, as well as vehicle use. al. Due to this extensive air pollution, China’s. The air pollution affects everybody, she says. City officials converted coal furnaces in tens of thousands of homes to natural gas and relocated factories to other provinces in China.3. (Right) Beijing in February, 2013 from the same view when Beijing was experiencing dangerously poor air quality. Causes Solutions Works Cited What creates Air Pollution? Depending on the warning level, different actions are executed, which include school closures, removing 80% of government vehicles from the road, allowing certain private cars on the roads based on registration plate numbers and day of the week, barring freight and construction vehicles from the roads, utilizing watering carts and sprinkler trucks, shutting factories down, halting construction sites, and even forbidding barbecues and fireworks.10 To most effectively address air pollution would require reform in government laws and behavior. The organization has the difficult task of reforming environmental laws that are often ignored by leaders. Beijing, the capital of China, is located in the northeast corner of the country. For example, Chinese people start to care about clean coal, but “clean” here means low sulfur. Retrieved from, Bishop, Bill. Other causes of air pollution include construction and industry. Though the. al., 2017). Environmental Science & Technology, 36,15:308A-309A. China’s air pollution is primarily caused by the burning of coal in factories and power plants. is extensive, there are possible solutions which can address the problem. Air Quality Index (AQI) Basics. The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) was established in 1998. The causes of Beijing’s widespread air pollution can be attributed to a number of factors: an enormous economic boom, a surge in the number of motorized vehicles, population growth, output from manufacturing, and natural reasons which include the city’s … China is notorious for being a major polluter. is ranked near the bottom among countries worldwide. Nature, 435:1179-1186. Coal burning is the biggest contributing factor to China’s smog problem, according to the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences. National Public Radio. By analyzing the sources of pollution, studying its consequences, and by reforming inadequate regulations and laws, Beijing can salvage its environment and create a healthier atmosphere for future generations. Researchers found that outdoor air pollution was the fifth leading cause of premature deaths in China, behind high blood pressure, smoking, high consumption of … [Side by side photographs of Beijing, China on a clear day and with severe air pollution]. Its economic growth in the past three decades has been the fastest among major nations, which is the main factor in why China has extensive air pollution. Public Domain. Though the contamination is extensive, there are possible solutions which can address the problem. There are a variety of consequences of air pollution in Beijing. Beijing is a victim of its own topography because it is surrounded by mountains, ensuring that pollution remains trapped within the city limits. In addition, the usage of vehicles in China has an effect on air pollution as well. Mandatory factory closures and bans on motor vehicles entering the city are implemented on days of heavy air pollution. Although this was a temporary solution for the Olympics, city officials promised to spend over $12 billion dollars on improving the environment. The causes of China’s widespread air pollution can be attributed to a number of factors: the enormous economic boom which is currently taking place, a large increase in the number of motorised vehicles, population growth, increase in manufacturing outputs, and natural reasons which include the surrounding topography and seasonal weather. Armstrong, P., & Ke, F. (2013, October 23). Three main causes including motor vehicles use, coal combustion and household cooking and heating will be mentions. Map data ©2015 Google. Wong, E. (2014, January 21). Photograph by Nicolò Lazzati, 2009. Levels of 100 or below are known as “Blue Sky Days”, when smog is not easily visible. Depending on the warning level, different actions are executed, which include school closures, removing 80% of government vehicles from the road, allowing certain private cars on the roads based on registration plate numbers and day of the week, barring freight and construction vehicles from the roads, utilizing watering carts and sprinkler trucks, shutting factories down, halting construction sites, and even forbidding barbecues and fireworks. Evidence shows that China’s biggest pollution is not from air but water and soil which almost affect everyone living in China, not just some big cities. Retrieved from, http://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=aqibasics.aqi. The air pollution in Beijing causes lower birth rates and higher adult mortality from respiratory related diseases. Coal burning factories also contribute to the smog present in Beijing. Motorized vehicles are only one contributor to air pollution. The government only reports AQI numbers up to 500. Though this pollution is created by Chinese manufacturing and export of goods, it is demand for these goods in the United that fuels production. Retrieved from, Lazzati, Nicolò. The factories are located on the outskirts of Beijing and the nearby cities of Harbin and Hebei.1 Beijing is a victim of its own topography because it is surrounded by mountains, ensuring that pollution remains trapped within the city limits.5 Air quality worsens in spring and summer when temperature and humidity levels rise, and winds contribute to the smog by carrying pollutants from industrialized southern regions.3 There are a variety of consequences of air pollution in Beijing. and relocated factories to other provinces in China. (2013). The four most dangerous pollutants that are emitted include: sulfur dioxide (SO. This increase in wealth can be correlated with an increase in pollution. Another problem of environmental laws is the fines are so minuscule that offending corporations would rather pay the penalty, rather than change their business practices. Emissions from motorized vehicles contribute to nearly 70% of the city’s air pollution. Will the Dragon Stay Green? With this amplified wealth, individuals are more capable of affording motor vehicles. These factories rely on outdated and inefficient technologies. The United States Embassy did release such information, but was asked by the Chinese government to limit the release of information to Americans.7. The AQI value takes the five major air pollutants regulated by the Clean Air Act into consideration (ground-level ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The Olympics were crucial in raising awareness about reform of environmental regulations. Beijing’s air pollution affects the health of its citizens and threatens to limit the future success and expansion of the city. Another problem of environmental laws is the fines are so minuscule that offending corporations would rather pay the penalty, rather than change their business practices.1 Openness in reporting true pollution levels by municipal governments would also lend clarity to the condition of air quality.2 The government only reports AQI numbers up to 500. A woman in China wears a face mask to protect herself from air pollution. The shorter lifespans of Beijing’s citizens has been connected to high pollution levels. Liu. Openness in reporting true pollution levels by municipal governments would also lend clarity to the condition of air quality. The World Health Organization suggests that scores near 500 contain more than twenty times the safe level of particulate matter in the air.5, Emissions and contaminants may also be carried across the Pacific Ocean to the Western United States by powerful global winds called Westerlies. (2015). The Chinese government also prefers to release information only on PM10 particles and not larger PM particles. Emergency measures have also been enacted in Beijing. Population growth in China and Beijing contributes to extensive pollution. According to The Earth Institute, the heavy use of fertilizer for agriculture is a major contributor of fine-particulate air pollution, with most of Europe, Russia, China, and the United States being affected. . This is the highest level of air pollution since recording began in 2008, and was appropriately deemed “Beyond Index”. In the United States, the EPA introduced the Clean Air Act in 1970, with subsequent amendme… Along with health consequences, high levels of harmful emissions have led to hundreds of flight cancellations and frequent road closures due to low visibility levels. Along with health consequences, high levels of harmful emissions have led to hundreds of flight cancellations and frequent road closures due to low visibility levels. Revolutionizing China’s Environmental Protection. The United States Embassy did release such information, but was asked by the Chinese government to limit the release of information to Americans. National Public Radio. , which scales pollution levels from 0 to 500 and assigns a color to different number levels to measure how hazardous the air quality is on any given day (Figure 4). Emergency measures were enacted depending on the pollution levels, but the most important factor in curbing air pollution is the implementation of new laws and reformation of old laws. China’s Pollution Progress Slows. The air pollution in Beijing causes lower birth rates and higher adult mortality from respiratory related diseases. Depending on the warning level, different actions are executed, which include school closures, removing 80% of government vehicles from the road, allowing certain private cars on the roads based on registration plate numbers and day of the week, barring freight and construction vehicles from the roads, utilizing watering carts and sprinkler trucks, shutting factories down, halting construction sites, and even forbidding barbecues and fireworks.10 To most effectively address air pollution would require reform in government laws and behavior. Of the twenty cities with the worst air pollution worldwide, 16 are located in China, including Beijing. The organization has the difficult task of reforming environmental laws that are often ignored by leaders. The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) was established in 1998. This is the highest level of air pollution since recording began in 2008, and was appropriately deemed “Beyond Index”. But there are many types of indoor air pollution as well. China is Also an Exporter of Pollution to the Western U.S., Study Finds. China’s Pollution Progress Slows. Lung. China is one of the most serious levels of air pollution in the world. Stone, R. (2008). Retrieved from. Retrieved from, United States Environmental Protection Agency.
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