Clemenceau was not experienced in the fields of economics or finance, and as John Maynard Keynes pointed out "he did not trouble his head to understand either the Indemnity or [France's] overwhelming financial difficulties",[44] but he was under strong public and parliamentary pressure to make Germany's reparations bill as large as possible. "[33], Clemenceau often joked about the "assassin's" bad marksmanship – "We have just won the most terrible war in history, yet here is a Frenchman who misses his target 6 out of 7 times at point-blank range. In response to accusations of corruption leveled by the nationalist politician Paul Déroulède, Clemenceau fought a duel with him on 23 December 1892. Clemenceau was also well received by the media, because they felt that France was in need of strong leadership. Famously, the Treaty of Versailles between Germany and the Allied Powers to conclude the conflict was signed in the Palace of Versailles, but the deliberations on which it was based were conducted in Paris, hence the name given to the meeting of the victorious heads of state that produced the treaties signed with the defeated powers: the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. In 1928, the former French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau published Claude Monet: Les Nymphéas (The Water-Lilies), a memoir of his longtime friend. [30], As war minister, Clemenceau was also in close contact with his generals, but he did not always make the most effective decisions concerning military issues (though he did heed the advice of the more experienced generals)[citation needed]. After years of criticism against the French army for its conservatism and Catholicism, Clemenceau would need help to get along with the military leaders to achieve a sound strategic plan. Claude Monet [klod mɔnɛ] (* 14. "[39] Clemenceau said to Lloyd George in June "We need a barrier behind which, in the years to come, our people can work in security to rebuild its ruins. It was widely recognized that throughout the war he was never discouraged and never stopped believing that France could achieve total victory. In August 1919, a similar limit was introduced for all those employed in French vessels. Claude Monet: Betrachtungen und Erinnerungen eines Freundes, Georges Clemenceau, »le tigre«, einer der wichtigsten französischen Politiker des Jahrhundertbeginns und der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs, war mit dem Maler eng befreundet. He achieved these goals in the Treaty of Versailles signed at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920). He excluded all parliamentary deputies, saying he would negotiate the treaty and it would be parliament's duty to vote it up or down after it was finished. One issue that had not changed at all was the long-running dispute over France's eastern frontier and control of the German Rhineland. Although they still occupied vast amounts of French territory, they did not have sufficient resources and manpower to continue their attack. Yes, we must have vigilance, we must have a great deal of vigilance. Betrachtungen und Erinnerungen eines Freundes Übersetzer: Szàsz, Hannah. [64], Leonard Shephard portrayed Georges Clemenceau in Dreyfus (1931), Grant Mitchell portrayed Georges Clemenceau in The Life of Emile Zola (1937), Alberto Morin portrayed Georges Clemenceau in Tennessee Johnson (1942), Marcel Dalio portrayed Georges Clemenceau in Wilson (1944), Gnat Yura portrayed Georges Clemenceau in The Unforgettable Year 1919 (1951), Peter Illing portrayed Georges Clemenceau in I Accuse! [9] Though Clemenceau had many mistresses, when his wife took as her lover a tutor of their children, he had her put in jail for two weeks and sent her back to the United States on a steamer in third class. The Clemenceaus moved to France and had three children together, Madeleine (born in 1870), Thérèse (1872) and Michel (1873). ", Hanks, Robert K. "Georges Clemenceau and the English. It is an armistice for twenty years." From this time, throughout the presidency of Jules Grévy (1879–1887), he became widely known as a political critic and destroyer of ministries (le Tombeur de ministères) who avoided taking office himself. [13], From 1876 to 1880, Clemenceau was one of the main defenders of the general amnesty of thousands of Communards, members of the revolutionary government of the 1871 Paris Commune, who had been deported to New Caledonia. Georges Clemenceau und weitere Freunde Monets schlugen diesem 1914 vor, Bilder der Seerosen-Serie dem französischen Staat zu schenken. [13], Joseph Caillaux, a former French prime minister, disagreed with Clemenceau's policies. I. These squads were nicknamed Brigades du Tigre ("The Tiger's Brigades") after Clemenceau himself.[13]. [citation needed]", When Clemenceau returned to the Council of Ten on 1 March, he found that little had changed[citation needed]. [11], After the fall of the Commune, he was elected to the Paris municipal council on 23 July 1871 for the Clignancourt quarter, and retained his seat till 1876. The preliminary meeting of the republican caucus (a forerunner to the vote in the National Assembly) chose Paul Deschanel instead of Clemenceau by a vote of 408 to 389. Heute, 30 Jahre nach der Wiedereröffnung am 1. The publication of Le Bloc lasted until 15 March 1902. Life is a perpetual struggle in war, as in peace...That struggle cannot be avoided. These trials, far from making the public fear the government, inspired confidence, as they felt that for the first time in the war, action was being taken and they were being firmly governed. Clemenceau's assistant found him pale, but conscious. A general 8-hour-day law passed in April 1919 amended the French Labour Code, and in June that year, existing legislation concerning the duration of the working day in the mining industry was amended by extending the eight-hour day to all classes of workpeople, "whether employed underground or on the surface." [6][7], After his studies in the Lycée in Nantes, Georges received his French baccalaureate of letters in 1858. Clemenceau returned to Paris after the French defeat at the Battle of Sedan in 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War and the fall of the Second French Empire. Figures ranged between £2,000 million and £20,000 million. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, Governments, Parliaments and Parties (France), War Aims and War Aims Discussion (France), Newspaper clippings about Georges Clemenceau, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georges_Clemenceau&oldid=1017525552, Members of the 1st Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic, Members of the 2nd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic, Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic, Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic, Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic, People associated with the Dreyfus affair, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2013, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from November 2017, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from February 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Georges Clemenceau – President of the Council and Minister of the Interior, Georges Clemenceau – President of the Council and Minister of War. At this time, Italy was on the defensive, Russia had virtually stopped fighting – and it was believed (correctly – see the Treaty of Brest Litovsk) that they would be making a separate peace with Germany. The Focus will mainly adress the Great Decorations project of the Water Lilies in the Musée de l’Orangerie, a work that crystallises the links and ambitions of the two men, with the aim of bringing together art and nation at a crucial moment in history. The government was worried about the visits of Clemenceau to the front lines, as he was most of the time risking his own life by insulting and threatening the German soldiers in person directly from the trenches[citation needed].
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